The function of flashbacks in Death of a Salesman. Essay -- English Li

The function of flashbacks in Death of a Salesman. Throughout Death of a Salesman flashbacks are used continuously, typically to present the audience with the Loman family's background and show deterioration. In act one we see the first flashback at the beginning of the play. As the play starts to go into flashback the backdrop changes from the present 'Apartment houses' and the 'surroundings become covered in leaves.' The first sign of the Loman's happy past. Willy is talking sense and telling Biff to watch his schooling, giving him good advice, and then he shows his wealth, polishing the car talking about the hammock that Willy is going to buy, to the punch bag that Willy bought his sons. This all seems too good to be true and as the flashbacks are taking place throughout the play we begin to see a tragic hero uncovered, Willy. The flashbacks show his highs from the past but the reality now is his present, and his falls. As the flashback begins to uncover, We see that the past is arriving on stage before the present has left. Ben a character from the past that is dead is present in flashbacks throughout the play. But at the start his presence he is more diffuse as he spreads with all the characters in the flashback. Later Ben is still apparent but only when Willy is alone in a flashback. As the flashbacks are happening in the past, the present is still there. So as Willy is talking to Ben, Linda is confused to who Willy is talking to. The 'laughter of the past' is heard during the play from the woman Willy was having an affair with. This shows Willy conscience, and that he stills thinks about what he did. The stage directions make a point of saying, 'From the darkness', and although this is not a ... ... flashback page 15 when the skyscrapers change to trees and leaves. This shows the environment, which the Loman family used to live in. The function of flashback in Death of a Salesman has proven to be successful. It helps to show the contrast between the past and the present, an insight into Willie's behaviour, and also explains the decline that Willy is experiencing in throughout his life. The variety of moods, location and atmosphere throughout the play and its flashbacks make it easier for the audience to comprehend and get an in sight into the characters personality. This play makes it easy for the audience to relate to the characters and their lives. What the Loman's are going through is a part of reality of which many people have to deal with everyday and so by incorporating flashbacks into the script makes the theme more accessible to understand. The function of flashbacks in Death of a Salesman. Essay -- English Li The function of flashbacks in Death of a Salesman. Throughout Death of a Salesman flashbacks are used continuously, typically to present the audience with the Loman family's background and show deterioration. In act one we see the first flashback at the beginning of the play. As the play starts to go into flashback the backdrop changes from the present 'Apartment houses' and the 'surroundings become covered in leaves.' The first sign of the Loman's happy past. Willy is talking sense and telling Biff to watch his schooling, giving him good advice, and then he shows his wealth, polishing the car talking about the hammock that Willy is going to buy, to the punch bag that Willy bought his sons. This all seems too good to be true and as the flashbacks are taking place throughout the play we begin to see a tragic hero uncovered, Willy. The flashbacks show his highs from the past but the reality now is his present, and his falls. As the flashback begins to uncover, We see that the past is arriving on stage before the present has left. Ben a character from the past that is dead is present in flashbacks throughout the play. But at the start his presence he is more diffuse as he spreads with all the characters in the flashback. Later Ben is still apparent but only when Willy is alone in a flashback. As the flashbacks are happening in the past, the present is still there. So as Willy is talking to Ben, Linda is confused to who Willy is talking to. The 'laughter of the past' is heard during the play from the woman Willy was having an affair with. This shows Willy conscience, and that he stills thinks about what he did. The stage directions make a point of saying, 'From the darkness', and although this is not a ... ... flashback page 15 when the skyscrapers change to trees and leaves. This shows the environment, which the Loman family used to live in. The function of flashback in Death of a Salesman has proven to be successful. It helps to show the contrast between the past and the present, an insight into Willie's behaviour, and also explains the decline that Willy is experiencing in throughout his life. The variety of moods, location and atmosphere throughout the play and its flashbacks make it easier for the audience to comprehend and get an in sight into the characters personality. This play makes it easy for the audience to relate to the characters and their lives. What the Loman's are going through is a part of reality of which many people have to deal with everyday and so by incorporating flashbacks into the script makes the theme more accessible to understand.

Huxley vs. Orwell

Both authors describe a society the t is futuristic, however, they both have descriptions that mirror our world today. Huxley created a world where people were trained to love certain things. Huxley feared that there would be no reason to ban a book because there would be no one interested in reading books. In the book Brave New World, people weren't raised by their parents, in fact they didn't even have parents. Babies were made in a factory where they would take one egg and split it however many times they wanted to.They coo old make up to nineteen identical twins from just one egg. The story started out with a gar pup of dents receiving a tour of the London Hatchery and Conditioning Centre fro m a man literally named The Director. â€Å"The Director started by explaining the process b y which the humans were grown inside bottles and then conditioned (brainwashed)† to be live certain â€Å"morals†(Shampoo). English Com 121 In short, what Huxley feared that the future of our government and that the government would give us so information that we would become passive and egotistical.He feared that the truth would be â€Å"drowned in a sea of e). Huxley also was concerned that â€Å"we would become a trivial culture preoccupied with mom equivalent of the fillies, the orgy porgy and the centrifugal bumblebee's'(professorship). I believe what Huxley was saying in that last statement is that he fears that our society will become irrelevant and what we love with be the end of us (Zeroed). Understand his fears and if he could see what our culture is like today I believe that he would be spinning in his grave. 984 is opposite of Brave New World but still follows the dyspepsia like theme. George Orwell wrote 1 984 after some experiences with Nazi and Stalinist stats sees. His book is about government oppression and his worries of how the future would turn out. The world he created was terrifying where wars were fought constantly for no 10th err reason b ut to create shortages of people, terror, and uniformity. The main goal of the go Vermont was to control everyone's thoughts completely.The main character of the story WA s named Winston Smith who is still able to think for himself despite the constant prop agenda and monitoring of everything in his life. Winston Smith lives in Oceania, one of the three countries that split up the entire globe; the other two were Eurasia and East IA. All three countries were lead by Big Brother which was the government in 1984. Big BRB other is always watching and they try to control everyone?s thoughts. In short, Winston n was disgusted by the culture he lives in and decided to keep a diary.He also fell in love with a woman named Julia who is also a rebel; to fall in love someone was a crime(S pa remotes). Orwell feared the people that banned books considering the time period he lie Veda in. He also feared those who would â€Å"deprive us of information and keep the truth h concealed from us†(Zeroed). Orwell worried that we would become a â€Å"captive culture e and controlled by having pain inflicted upon us†(Professorship). Most of all, Row ell feared that our ruin would come because what of we hate; that we would all die of w AR and government oppression (Professorship).There is a lot of debate in literary circles about both of these authors and who right, and more importantly who most accurately describes the current society y we live in. While both authors make very valid points as well as amazing descriptions, the ere are some clear differences. In my research I found a statement by one oftener many fan s that it sums up the similarities and differences of both authors. L believe they're both right, but if you have to choose, then Huxley is the clear winner.If you presume that society runs in circles, slowly stereotyping, like a malfunctioning rocket doing loops as it heads higher in the sky, then Orwell m rely described a single loop of the rocket. On the other hand, Huxley described n tot only his own loop, but what would happen when the rocket ran out of fuel. To put it another way, I believe Orwell correctly described the acts of many government TTS at the time and Huxley correctly described contemporary and future government s† (Macho Man).

All About Ivory and How Its Use Endangers Elephants

Ivory is the natural raw material that makes up mammal tusks and teeth. Traditionally, the term only refers to elephant tusks, but the chemical structure of teeth and tusks of mammals such as hippos, warthogs, and whales is identical to that of elephants, and so ivory can refer to any mammals tooth or tusk that is large enough to be sculpted or scrimshawed.  Ã‚   Key Takeaways Ivory is a natural substance formed in the teeth and tusks of mammals.It has been carved and used as decorative objects for 40,000 years or more.Modern trade in ivory has pushed the cost up over $1,000 per kilogram.Ivory demand has devastated elephant populations around the world. Elephant and ivory tusk comes from the two modified incisors of living and extinct members of the Proboscidea family: Asian and African elephants and extinct mammoth from Alaska and Siberia (where preservation is possible). Other mammals with large enough teeth to be carvable include marine mammals like narwhals, walruses, and sperm and killer whales, as well as their evolutionary relatives, warthogs and hippopotami.   Elephant Ivory Close up of African savanna elephant ((Loxodonta africana) tusks. Martin Harvey / Gallo Images / Getty Images Elephant tusks are extremely large teeth which project out beyond the lips. Tusks are made up of a root and the tusk itself, and they have the same physical structures that teeth do: pulp cavity, dentine, cementum, and enamel. Elephant enamel wears off when the elephant is still quite young, and the main component of tusks (about 95 percent) is dentine, a mineralized connective tissue.   The elephant uses the tusks for defense and offense, for digging access to waterholes, lifting objects, gathering food, stripping bark, and protecting their trunks. Elephant tusks can grow up to 12 feet (3.5 meters) in length. Baby elephants have a deciduous precursor that they lose before the permanent tooth grows in. The size and shape of a tusk are related to the animals diet, and, barring trauma, tusks grow throughout the animals life. Like human teeth, the tusk carries a stable isotope record of the animals birthplace, diet, growth, behavior, and life history.   What is Ivory Used For? Lion sculpture in the world-famous Vogelherd-cave near Heidenheim; location: Vogelherdhà ¶hle near Stetten, Heidenheim, Germany; age: ca 33.000 years; era: Paleolithic; material: mammoth ivory; size: 9,2 cm;. Walter Geiersperger / Getty Images Mammoth ivory is among the oldest material used for making decorative objects and tools, with its first use documented 40,000 years ago during the European Upper Paleolithic. It is highly prized because it warms to the touch, varies in color from white to yellow, is easily carved and etched, and has an odd visual effect known as Schreger lines or angles, a unique pattern of cross-hatching that is in reality rows of microscopic tubes.   Tooth and tusk ivories have been carved into a nearly infinite number of shapes and objects: small statuary and button-like netsukes, flatware handles and furniture inlay, piano keys, combs, gaming pieces, and plaques. When a tusk is carved but still retains its overall form, thats called a scrimshaw, which was a traditional pastime of sailors on long-term voyages.   The Price of Ivory In 2014, the wholesale price for ivory was $2,100 per kilogram, but by 2017 it had fallen to $730, largely because of a new Chinese ban. The other cost of ivory is in elephants. Over the past decades, thousands of elephants have been ruthlessly slaughtered, to the point that both Asian and African elephants are listed on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Estimates for the elephant population in the world at the end of the 19th century were in the millions. According to the last Great Elephant Census taken in 2015, there were 352,271 African savanna elephants living in 18 different countries, down 30 percent since 2007. Those numbers account for about 93 percent of all the savanna elephants in the world. The current rate of elephant population decline is 8 percent per year or about ∠¼40,000 elephants. The tusks from a single elephant could be worth more than US $100,000.   Cost of Poaching Park Rangers at Mikumi National Park in Tanzania stand beside a bull elephant killed by poachers. Tom Stoddart / Getty Images The reason the price per kilogram of ivory dropped so steeply is in part because China ended its legal trade in ivory on December 31, 2017. Before the ban, the country had many state-licensed ivory carving factories and retail shops: evidence indicates that legal trade has ceased. However, illicit trade continues, and specific country-sanctioned legal trade continues in other places. In the fall of 2018, evidence of continued poaching of elephants was found in several parts of Africa.   Elephant poaching is conducted by helicopters, military grade weaponry, and poisoned pumpkins; dozens of wildlife rangers have been killed trying to protect the animals. Tusks are gathered from the killed elephants and exported illegally by African gangs and corrupt officials.   What Can You Do to Help? Many organizations including the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services hold regular crushes, where confiscated ivory objects are destroyed to remove them from the market. Ivory Crush in Rome, Italy 2015. Stefano Montesi/Corbis via Getty Images The first thing you can do is not buy ivory. Although antique ivory (older than 1947) is legal to purchase, buying it still increases the market for fake antiques made on the tusks of newly killed animals, so at the least, make sure what youre buying is indeed antique. Better not to buy it at all.   There are several good charities, like the World Wildlife Foundation, Save the Elephants (African Wildlife Foundation), and the Elephant Sanctuary, which are effectively moving to protect elephants and pushing states to ban and criminalize ivory manufacture and trade. You could join them and donate money or volunteer labor, you could campaign and lobby for the elephants, you could help raise funds and sponsor the care of the animals.   The British newspaper The Guardian has an extensive list of ways you can get involved, called What can I do to help elephants? Sources Espinoza, Edgard O., and Mary-Jacque Mann. Identification Guide for Ivory and Ivory Substitutes. Washington, DC: World Wildlife Fund, 1992. Print. Online version at FWS.Fisher, Daniel C. Paleobiology of Pleistocene Proboscideans. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 46.1 (2018): 229-60. Print.Gettleman, Jeffrey. Elephants Get a Reprieve as Price of Ivory Falls. The New York Times March 29, 2017. Print.Roca, Alfred L., et al. Elephant Natural History: A Genomic Perspective. Annual Review of Animal Biosciences 3.1 (2015): 139-67. Print.Vigne, Lucy, and Esmond Martin. Decline in the Legal Ivory Trade in China in Anticipation of a Ban. Nairobi, Kenya: Save the Elephants, 2017. Print.What Can I Do to Help Elephants? The Guardian. February 13, 2017. Web.What Is the Impact of Chinas Ivory Ban? World Wildlife Foundation 2018. Web.Wittemyer, George, et al. Illegal Killing for Ivory Drives Global Decline in African Elephants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111.36 (201 4): 13117-21. Print.